{"id":28049,"date":"2025-04-09T19:00:55","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T18:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/?p=28049"},"modified":"2025-04-09T10:10:09","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T09:10:09","slug":"pourquoi-train-peine-a-simposer-face-a-lavion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/pourquoi-train-peine-a-simposer-face-a-lavion","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi le train peine-t-il \u00e0 s\u2019imposer face \u00e0 l\u2019avion ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le rail incarne un mode de transport sobre, rapide et prometteur. Pourtant, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne, il reste \u00e0 la tra\u00eene face \u00e0 son concurrent a\u00e9rien. Alors que le d\u00e9r\u00e8glement climatique impose une r\u00e9duction drastique des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, les trains \u00e0 grande vitesse peinent toujours \u00e0 s\u2019imposer comme alternative naturelle \u00e0 l\u2019avion, y compris sur des distances moyennes. Derri\u00e8re cette situation paradoxale, se cachent des d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres \u00e9conomiques, des obstacles logistiques et des inerties politiques qui limitent l\u2019essor d\u2019un mode de transport toutefois largement pl\u00e9biscit\u00e9 par les citoyens.<\/p>\n<h2>Un avantage \u00e9cologique ind\u00e9niable, mais peu valoris\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Le train est, de loin, le mode de transport longue distance<strong> le moins \u00e9metteur de CO2.<\/strong> Selon l\u2019Agence europ\u00e9enne pour l\u2019environnement, un voyageur \u00e9met en moyenne 14 g de CO2 par kilom\u00e8tre en train contre 285 g en avion. Sur des lignes comme Paris-Barcelone ou <a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/cette-compagnie-ferroviaire-offre-une-carte-cadeau-pour-des-voyages-illimites-au-depart-de-paris\">Lyon-Milan<\/a>, l\u2019impact climatique d\u2019un aller-retour en train est jusqu\u2019\u00e0 20 fois inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui d\u2019un vol court-courrier. Pourtant, ces donn\u00e9es ne suffisent pas \u00e0 convaincre massivement.<\/p>\n<p>Ce paradoxe s&#8217;explique en partie par<strong> l\u2019absence d\u2019une fiscalit\u00e9 coh\u00e9rente<\/strong> entre les modes de transport. Alors que l\u2019aviation b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie encore d\u2019une exon\u00e9ration de taxe sur le k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne au sein de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, les compagnies ferroviaires doivent s\u2019acquitter de p\u00e9ages \u00e9lev\u00e9s pour acc\u00e9der aux infrastructures nationales. Cette distorsion fiscale p\u00e9nalise la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 du rail et freine sa d\u00e9mocratisation.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DH20kHZMzHv\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\">Voir cette publication sur Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DH20kHZMzHv\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une publication partag\u00e9e par Le Bonbon Lyon (@le_bonbon_lyon)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>Une tarification peu lisible qui peut dissuader de prendre le train<\/h2>\n<p>Le prix du billet reste un frein majeur pour les usagers. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.fr\/espace-presse\/nouveau-rapport-le-train-deux-fois-plus-cher-que-lavion-en-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une \u00e9tude de Greenpeace<\/a> publi\u00e9e en 2023 r\u00e9v\u00e9lait qu\u2019en Europe, le train est en moyenne deux fois plus cher que l\u2019avion pour un m\u00eame trajet. Sur certaines liaisons, comme <a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/quartiers-incontournables-sejourner-madrid\">Madrid<\/a>&#8211;<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/royaume-uni-faut-il-encore-voyager-visa-payant\">Londres<\/a> ou Vienne-<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/sejour-a-bruxelles-activites-gratuites\">Bruxelles<\/a>, la diff\u00e9rence de prix peut atteindre un facteur de cinq, voire dix.<\/p>\n<p>Cette situation d\u00e9coule en partie des mod\u00e8les \u00e9conomiques divergents. Les compagnies a\u00e9riennes \u00e0 bas co\u00fbt optimisent leurs op\u00e9rations pour offrir des tarifs attractifs. Pour ce qui est des entreprises ferroviaires doivent assumer des<strong> co\u00fbts d\u2019exploitation \u00e9lev\u00e9s<\/strong> li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019entretien du r\u00e9seau, \u00e0 la gestion des gares et \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 r\u00e9glementaire entre pays.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/CjilueLorYj\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\">Voir cette publication sur Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/CjilueLorYj\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une publication partag\u00e9e par Greenpeace France (@greenpeace_france)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Les aides publiques, elles, sont souvent <strong>orient\u00e9es vers l\u2019a\u00e9rien<\/strong>. En 2020, \u00e0 la suite de la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19, plusieurs gouvernements europ\u00e9ens ont soutenu leurs compagnies nationales par des plans d\u2019aide massifs, sans contrepartie environnementale significative. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, les investissements dans le rail transfrontalier restent limit\u00e9s, malgr\u00e9 les objectifs fix\u00e9s dans le cadre du <strong>Green Deal europ\u00e9en<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Des obstacles techniques et politiques persistants<\/h2>\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 de l\u2019aspect tarifaire, la <strong>complexit\u00e9 du voyage ferroviaire en Europe<\/strong> constitue un autre frein. Contrairement \u00e0 l\u2019avion, il n\u2019existe pas de syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9servation unique et centralis\u00e9. Les voyageurs doivent souvent jongler entre plusieurs plateformes pour r\u00e9server un billet international, avec des tarifs peu clairs et des correspondances mal coordonn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Les normes techniques fragment\u00e9es aggravent ces difficult\u00e9s. Chaque pays dispose de son propre syst\u00e8me de signalisation, de voltage ou de gabarit, <strong>rendant l\u2019interop\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 complexe<\/strong>. La lib\u00e9ralisation du march\u00e9 ferroviaire, amorc\u00e9e depuis une dizaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es, progresse lentement et reste entrav\u00e9e par des int\u00e9r\u00eats nationaux et un manque de volont\u00e9 politique commune.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DDmxQluJmGM\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\">Voir cette publication sur Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DDmxQluJmGM\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une publication partag\u00e9e par 2050NOW (@2050now)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Dans les faits, les liaisons transfrontali\u00e8res n\u2019ont cess\u00e9 de reculer depuis les ann\u00e9es 2000, <strong>au profit des vols low-cost<\/strong>. Un exemple embl\u00e9matique est celui du trajet Amsterdam-Bruxelles-Paris, o\u00f9 la multiplication des contr\u00f4les et des incidents techniques rend le rail<strong> moins fiable et moins attractif<\/strong> que l\u2019a\u00e9rien.<\/p>\n<h2>Vers une bascule possible du mod\u00e8le ?<\/h2>\n<p>Face \u00e0 l\u2019urgence climatique, plusieurs signaux faibles laissent entrevoir une prise de conscience progressive. En France, la loi Climat de 2021 a interdit certains vols domestiques lorsqu\u2019une <strong>alternative ferroviaire de moins de 2h30 existe<\/strong>. L\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/trains-de-nuit-nouvelles-lignes-prevues\">Allemagne<\/a> a supprim\u00e9 la TVA sur les billets de train longue distance, entra\u00eenant une hausse de fr\u00e9quentation. L\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/discover.ulysse.com\/plus-belles-destinations-europeennes-decouvrir-train\">Espagne<\/a>, de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, a lib\u00e9ralis\u00e9 son march\u00e9 int\u00e9rieur, favorisant l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux op\u00e9rateurs et la baisse des prix sur certaines lignes.<\/p>\n<p>Mais ces initiatives restent isol\u00e9es et in\u00e9gales. Une transition structurelle supposerait une <strong>approche coordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne<\/strong> : harmonisation des p\u00e9ages, r\u00e9forme de la fiscalit\u00e9 du transport, investissements massifs dans l\u2019infrastructure transfrontali\u00e8re, d\u00e9ploiement de solutions de billetterie unifi\u00e9e. Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019\u00e0 ce prix que le rail pourra devenir une v\u00e9ritable alternative de masse \u00e0 l\u2019avion.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DGItpl9Bg-I\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\">Voir cette publication sur Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/DGItpl9Bg-I\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Une publication partag\u00e9e par Le S\u00e9nat (@senat_fr)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>L\u2019Ann\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne du rail, c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e en 2021, avait suscit\u00e9 de grands espoirs. Quatre ans plus tard,<strong> ils peinent encore \u00e0 se concr\u00e9tiser<\/strong>. La r\u00e9volution ferroviaire est techniquement pr\u00eate. Ce sont les d\u00e9cisions politiques et \u00e9conomiques qui manquent toujours d\u2019ambition.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le rail incarne un mode de transport sobre, rapide et prometteur. Pourtant, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne, il reste \u00e0 la tra\u00eene [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":28050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":"","rank_math_title":"","rank_math_description":"Alors que l\u2019urgence climatique impose de revoir nos modes de transport, le train peine encore \u00e0 d\u00e9tr\u00f4ner l\u2019avion, m\u00eame sur des trajets \u00e9vidents.","rank_math_canonical_url":"","rank_math_focus_keyword":"train"},"categories":[46,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-avion","category-voyage"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28049"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28119,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28049\/revisions\/28119"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulysse.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}